F17 Glasses symptom/complaint (ICD-10:H52.7)

Update: 2024-08-11

Description

Introduction

Glasses symptom/complaint refers to the visual impairment experienced by individuals, leading to the need for corrective eyewear such as glasses. This condition is significant as it affects a large population and can have a significant impact on daily activities and quality of life.^[1] The aim of this guide is to provide healthcare professionals with a comprehensive approach to diagnosing and managing glasses symptom/complaint

Codes

ICPC-2 Code: F17 Glasses symptom/complaint

ICD-10 Code: H52.7 Unspecified disorder of refraction^[2]

Symptoms

Blurred vision: Patients may complain of difficulty in seeing objects clearly, both near and far.^[3]

Double vision: Some individuals may experience seeing two images instead of one.^[4]

Eye strain: Patients may report discomfort or fatigue in the eyes, especially after prolonged visual tasks.^[5]

Headaches: Persistent headaches, especially after reading or using electronic devices, may be a symptom of glasses symptom/complaint.^[6]

Squinting: Patients may squint their eyes in an attempt to improve focus and clarity of vision.^[7]

Causes

Refractive errors: The most common cause of glasses symptom/complaint is refractive errors, including myopia (nearsightedness), hyperopia (farsightedness), and astigmatism. These conditions occur when the shape of the eye prevents light from focusing directly on the retina, leading to blurred vision.^[8]

Presbyopia: This age-related condition affects individuals over the age of 40 and is characterized by the loss of the eye’s ability to focus on close objects. It often requires the use of reading glasses.^[9]

Eye muscle imbalance: Strabismus, or misalignment of the eyes, can cause glasses symptom/complaint. When the eyes are not properly aligned, it can lead to double vision and difficulty in focusing.^[4]

Eye diseases: Certain eye conditions, such as cataracts or glaucoma, can cause visual impairment and may require the use of glasses.^[10]

Diagnostic Steps

Medical History

Gather information about the patient’s symptoms, including the duration and severity of visual impairment.

Ask about any previous eye conditions or surgeries.

Inquire about any family history of refractive errors or eye diseases.

Assess the patient’s occupation and daily activities that may contribute to visual strain.

Physical Examination

Perform a comprehensive eye examination, including visual acuity testing, to determine the extent of visual impairment.

Evaluate the alignment of the eyes to identify any signs of strabismus.

Examine the external structures of the eye, such as the eyelids and conjunctiva, for any abnormalities.

Assess the intraocular pressure to rule out glaucoma.

Laboratory Tests

No specific laboratory tests are required for the diagnosis of glasses symptom/complaint.

Diagnostic Imaging

No diagnostic imaging is necessary for the diagnosis of glasses symptom/complaint.

Other Tests

Refraction test: This test measures the refractive error of the eye and helps determine the appropriate prescription for glasses.

Visual field test: This test assesses the patient’s peripheral vision and can help detect any abnormalities.

Slit-lamp examination: This examination allows for a detailed examination of the structures of the eye, including the cornea, lens, and iris.

Follow-up and Patient Education

Schedule a follow-up appointment to assess the effectiveness of the prescribed glasses and make any necessary adjustments.

Educate the patient about the importance of wearing glasses as prescribed and maintaining regular eye examinations.

Provide information on proper eye care, including the use of protective eyewear and the importance of taking breaks during prolonged visual tasks.

Possible Interventions

Traditional Interventions

Medications:

Top 5 drugs for glasses symptom/complaint:

Eyeglasses:
- Cost: Varies depending on the type of lenses and frames chosen.
- Contraindications: None.
- Side effects: None.
- Severe side effects: None.
- Drug interactions: None.
- Warning: Regular eye examinations are necessary to monitor changes in vision and update the prescription if needed.

Contact lenses:
- Cost: Varies depending on the type and brand of contact lenses.
- Contraindications: Certain eye conditions may make contact lens wear unsuitable.
- Side effects: Dryness, discomfort, and the risk of eye infections.
- Severe side effects: Corneal ulcers or abrasions.
- Drug interactions: None.
- Warning: Proper hygiene and care of contact lenses are essential to prevent complications.

Refractive surgery (e.g., LASIK, PRK):
- Cost: $2,000 to $4,000 per eye.
- Contraindications: Certain eye conditions or diseases may make refractive surgery unsuitable.
- Side effects: Dry eyes, glare, halos, and the risk of under or overcorrection.
- Severe side effects: Corneal ectasia, infection, or vision loss.
- Drug interactions: None.
- Warning: Refractive surgery is irreversible, and the patient should be well-informed about the potential risks and benefits.

Orthokeratology:
- Cost: $1,000 to $2,000 for the initial fitting and lenses.
- Contraindications: Certain eye conditions may make orthokeratology unsuitable.
- Side effects: Discomfort, dryness, and the risk of corneal infections.
- Severe side effects: Corneal ulcers or abrasions.
- Drug interactions: None.
- Warning: Proper hygiene and care of orthokeratology lenses are essential to prevent complications.

Vision therapy:
- Cost: $1,500 to $3,000 for a course of therapy.
- Contraindications: None.
- Side effects: None.
- Severe side effects: None.
- Drug interactions: None.
- Warning: Vision therapy requires a commitment to regular sessions and home exercises.

Surgical Procedures:

No surgical procedures are typically performed for the treatment of glasses symptom/complaint.

Alternative Interventions

Acupuncture: May help improve blood flow and reduce eye strain. Cost: $60-$120 per session.

Eye exercises: Specific exercises targeting the eye muscles may help improve visual acuity. Cost: None.

Nutritional supplements: Certain supplements, such as lutein and zeaxanthin, may support eye health. Cost: Varies depending on the supplement.

Herbal remedies: Some herbs, such as bilberry and ginkgo biloba, are believed to have potential benefits for vision. Cost: Varies depending on the specific herb.

Homeopathic remedies: Certain homeopathic remedies, such as Euphrasia officinalis, may be used to alleviate eye strain. Cost: Varies depending on the remedy.

Lifestyle Interventions

Take regular breaks during prolonged visual tasks to reduce eye strain.

Maintain proper lighting conditions when reading or using electronic devices.

Practice good eye hygiene, such as avoiding rubbing the eyes excessively.

Wear sunglasses with UV protection to protect the eyes from harmful sun rays.

Eat a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and omega-3 fatty acids to support eye health.

It is important to note that the cost ranges provided are approximate and may vary depending on the location and availability of the interventions.

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