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The Gut-Muscle Axis: How Your Microbiome Dictates Your Gains

The Gut-Muscle Axis: How Your Microbiome Dictates Your Gains

Update: 2025-05-12
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The gut microbiome serves as a crucial regulator of muscle growth and fitness performance through nutrient absorption, inflammation control, and neurotransmitter production. Your digestive health creates a foundation for building muscle, improving recovery, and maintaining consistent training performance.

• Gut bacteria help break down proteins into amino acids essential for muscle development
• Healthy gut lining ensures efficient absorption of nutrients into the bloodstream
• Gut health significantly impacts body-wide inflammation that can hinder muscle recovery
• Research shows athletes possess more diverse gut microbiomes than non-athletes
• Your gut produces about 90% of your body's serotonin, affecting mood, sleep, and training consistency
• Aim to consume 30+ different plant foods weekly for optimal microbiome diversity
• Prioritize 25-35 grams of fiber daily from whole foods to fuel beneficial gut bacteria
• Incorporate prebiotic foods (garlic, onions, asparagus) and probiotic-rich foods (yogurt, kefir, kimchi)
• Stay hydrated with at least half your body weight in ounces of water daily
• Reduce gut irritants like excessive alcohol, caffeine, and ultra-processed foods

Carpenter, S. (2012, September 1). That gut feeling. Monitor on Psychology, 43(8). https://www.apa.org/monitor/2012/09/gut-feeling

Dai, Z., Wu, Z., Hang, S., Zhu, W., & Wu, G. (2015). Amino acid metabolism in intestinal bacteria and its potential implications for mammalian reproduction. Molecular Human Reproduction, 21(5), 389–409. https://doi.org/10.1093/molehr/gav003

Frampton, J., Murphy, K. G., Frost, G., & Chambers, E. S. (2021). Higher dietary fibre intake is associated with increased skeletal muscle mass and strength in adults aged 40 years and older. Journal of Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle, 12(6), 2134–2144. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcsm.12820

Giron, M., Thomas, M., Dardevet, D., Chassard, C., & Savary-Auzeloux, I. (2022). Gut microbes and muscle function: Can probiotics make our muscles stronger? Journal of Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle, 13(3), 1460–1476. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcsm.12964

Li, G., Jin, B., & Fan, Z. (2022). Mechanisms involved in gut microbiota regulation of skeletal muscle. Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity, 2022, 2151191. https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/2151191

McKeown, N. M., Fahey, G. C., Jr., Slavin, J., & van der Kamp, J. W. (2022). Fibre intake for optimal health: How can healthcare professionals support people to reach dietary recommendations? BMJ, 378, e054370. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj-2020-054370

Nogal, A., Valdes, A. M., & Menni, C. (2021). The role of short-chain fatty acids in the interplay between gut microbiota and diet in cardio-metabolic health. Gut Microbes, 13(1), 1–24. https://doi.org/10.1080/19490976.2021.1897212

Ross, R. E., VanDerwerker, C. J., Saladin, M. E., & Gregory, C. M. (2023). The role of exercise in the treatment of depression: Biological underpinnings and clinical outcomes. Molecular Psychiatry, 28(1), 298–328. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41380-022-01819-w

Sato, K., Hara-Chikuma, M., Yasui, M., Inoue, J., & Kim, Y. G. (2024). Sufficient water intake maintains the gut microbiota and immune homeostasis and promotes pathogen elimination. iScience, 27(6), 109903. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isci.2024.109903


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The Gut-Muscle Axis: How Your Microbiome Dictates Your Gains

The Gut-Muscle Axis: How Your Microbiome Dictates Your Gains

Di Katz Shachar, MPH