Today's episode is all about Autism and its associated communication disorders, as outlined in the DSM-5-TR, focusing on social communication disorder (SCD), childhood onset fluency disorder (stuttering), speech sound disorder, and developmental language disorder (DLD), which affect 50-70%, 4-22%, 20-30%, and up to 50% of Autistic individuals, respectively. We explore neural underpinnings, highlighting hypoactivation in brain regions and brain waves are discussed that are critical for social cognition, alongside disrupted connectivity in networks like the arcuate and superior longitudinal fasciculi. Two genes- FOXP2 and CNTNAP2 are also discussed.

Other relevant episodes:

Decoding the Brain: How Reading works in Autism and Dyslexia https://youtu.be/s1-7HZchy84?si=-r9foWP8Gmw-Wsx2

Autism and Speech & Language https://youtu.be/jhAA-UWduKg?si=TfVWi9AfbFZgv8XV

Autism and Sensory Processing part 2 https://youtu.be/iWy9Rligzic?si=2LATDK0bPl6jjat9

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00:00 - Introduction to Autism and Communication Disorders; DSM-5-TR, social communication, pragmatic deficits, stuttering, speech sound disorder, developmental language disorder

04:02 - Brain Regions and Social Cognition; medial prefrontal cortex, temporal parietal junction, superior temporal sulcus, "theory of mind", hypoactivation

06:01 - Autistic Phenotype and Neural Connectivity; Mirror neurons, sensory processing, under-connectivity, arcuate fasciculus, superior longitudinal fasciculus

11:38 - Brainwave Patterns and Measurement Techniques; EEG, MEG, gamma band, alpha band suppression, fMRI, DTI & Factional Anisotropy

16:27 - Genetic Contributions to Communication; FOXP2, CNTNAP2, neural circuits, synaptic plasticity, language processing

19:56 - Social Communication Disorder (SCD); Overview pragmatic language, non-verbal cues, autism differentiation

24:45 - Childhood Onset Fluency Disorder (Stuttering); basal ganglia, motor planning, rTMS, dopamine signaling, Go-Stop, Go-Stop, Go-Stop...

30:05 - Speech Sound Disorder Speech; Broca’s area, superior temporal gyrus, articulation errors, PROMPT therapy

35:25 - Developmental Language Disorder (DLD); Broca’s area, Wernicke’s area, language comprehension, early intervention

40:56 - Importance of Early Intervention; speech therapy, neural connectivity, personalized interventions, neurofeedback.

X: https://x.com/rps47586

YT: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCGxEzLKXkjppo3nqmpXpzuA

email: info.fromthespectrum@gmail.com