EP15 有趣的语言——马来西亚掺掺文化
Description
马来西亚作为一个多语言、多元文化的国家,其语言文化展现出极高的独特性和复杂性,特别是在马来西亚华人社群中表现得尤为突出。
许多华人家庭内部依旧保留“方言—华语—英语”多重切换的语言生态。
所以,这也形成了一个非常有意思的语言文化现象。
这一期,我们一起专门来聊聊有趣的语言—掺掺文化!
在马来西亚,华人几乎人均 “语言小能手”,出门能说马来语砍价,跟朋友用福建话唠嗑,上班切换英语汇报,回家还能跟爸妈用粤语吐槽;槟城人讲福建话、吉隆坡人说粤语、新山人聊潮州话。
不过更有意思的是新加坡和马来西亚独特的 “Rojak Language”,比如一句 “Eh bro, later want to go yumcha at mamak? Come lah!”,就混合了英语、粤语、马来语三种语言,和一种语法风格,展示了Rojak Language一种“混乱中的和谐”。
同时还有小舒的语言小剧场以及掺掺语言教学~
那让我们进入Rojak,掺掺文化的世界,感受下多元文化下语言的魅力吧~
关键词:
掺掺文化、马来西亚、新加坡、方言文化、粤语、普通话、闽南语、英语、淡米尔语、大马华人、印度、妈妈档、Rojak语言、语音语调、华文学校、语气助词、语言现象、文化交流、语言传承与推广
Timeline|时间轴
01:17 马来语、粤语、福建话混合,非马来西亚人根本看不懂的“掺掺语言”
02:46 马来西亚语言基础:以马来语(国语)、英语、华语(含普通话 + 方言)、淡米尔语(印度族群语言)为核心,华人社群尤其擅长多语言切换,人均 “语言小能手”
03:32 新加坡的语言基础和马来西亚很相似,新加坡国会议员选举的群众大会,每个参选议员人均两种语言。
04:46 华人方言的多样性与地域关联:闽南语、粤语、客家话、潮州话等,不同方言群体有其聚居的地区,方言成了社区身份和宗族联系的象征。
06:52 槟城 “先贤来时路” 沉浸式戏剧体验:福建人和广东人吵架,互相听不懂对方讲话
07:57 20世纪中后期华文教育兴起,普通话逐渐成为华人通用语,现在不少华人青年以普通话为第一母语,方言日常使用减少。
09:22 林连玉被尊为 “华人族魂”,曾坚决反对英国人借华文学校教室推行英文教学;还牵头修改华文教材
12:41 “Rojak Language”:像 “啰惹” 一样混搭的语言魔法。“Rojak” 本是马来西亚街头小吃,用来形容语言,就是华语里融入闽南语、粤语、马来语、英语的表达
14:08 chenchen在新加坡 Maxwell 与印尼女孩的相遇:两人用英文聊中国明星,环境嘈杂却交流融洽,恰如 “Rojak” 的 “混乱中的和谐”
17:10 华人社区“语言—文化—空间”一体化特色的体现,槟城、怡保、新山等的公共标识、商铺招牌、寺庙学校,常是双语或多语
19:55 日常生活的掺掺语言举例
23:53 “学马来语是为了生活下去、学华文跟方言都是为了文化的传承”
24:08 马来西亚华人常用方言 / 特色词举例 <img src="https://bts-image.xyzcdn.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




















