Many of our clients arrive at the clinic struggling with some form of back pain. Some come to us after trying various treatments with little relief. Here I'd like share some more recent advances in the knowledge about the assessment and treatment of persistent low back pain of a certain type. These are the clients who would be less likely to benefit from PhysioPilates as discussed in my previous episode and need a different approach. Much of the content discussed in this episode is based on the work of Prof. Peter O'Sullivan as well as the Pain-ed team who have had great influence within the physiotherapy profession.