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David Brockler, AI security researcher at NCC Group, explores the rapidly evolving landscape of AI security and the fundamental challenges posed by integrating Large Language Models into applications. We discuss how traditional security approaches fail when dealing with AI components that dynamically change their trustworthiness based on input data.

• LLMs present unique security challenges beyond prompt injection or generating harmful content
• Traditional security models focusing on component-based permissions don't work with AI systems
• "Source-sink chains" are key vulnerability points where attackers can manipulate AI behavior
• Real-world examples include data exfiltration through markdown image rendering in AI interfaces
• Security "guardrails" are insufficient first-order controls for protecting AI systems
• The education gap between security professionals and actual AI threats is substantial
• Organizations must shift from component-based security to data flow security when implementing AI
• Development teams need to ensure high-trust AI systems only operate with trusted data

Watch for NCC Group's upcoming release of David's Black Hat presentation on new security fundamentals for AI and ML systems. Connect with David on LinkedIn (David Brockler III) or visit the NCC Group research blog at research.nccgroup.com.

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