This episode introduces two significant modern sociological perspectives: feminism and postmodernism. It explains that feminist theories share the core belief that society is patriarchal, leading to the oppression of women, and explores liberal, Marxist, and radical feminist approaches to challenging this inequality. The discussion then transitions to postmodernism, characterising it as a departure from traditional sociology that rejects universal truths and 'grand narratives' due to society's increased diversity and fragmentation. Finally, it highlights key postmodern concepts such as fluid identity and hyper-reality, where the lines between what is real and what is fictional have become blurred.