This episode introduces Max Weber's sociological approach and the emergence of symbolic interactionism. It explains Weber's focus on social action and his methodology of verstehen, or empathetic understanding, to grasp the meanings and motives behind human behaviour. Examples of Weber's work, such as 'The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism' and his concerns about bureaucracy and rationalisation, are provided. The discussion then transitions to symbolic interactionism, a micro-level theory that developed from Weber's ideas, highlighting its emphasis on symbols and constructed meanings in social interaction. Concepts like the 'looking-glass self' and the dramaturgical approach are presented to illustrate how individuals shape their self-perception and perform roles based on social interactions.