The aim of this episode is to introduce Labelling Theory, a core concept in sociological understanding of crime and deviance. They explain that this perspective, championed by thinkers like Howard Becker and Edwin Lemert, argues that crime is not an inherent quality of an act but rather a social construct, determined by how society, particularly those in power, applies labels. The sources detail the significant consequences of labelling, including the formation of a master status, self-fulfilling prophecies, and deviancy amplification, illustrating how societal reaction can paradoxically increase criminal behaviour. Ultimately, they present Labelling Theory as a contrast to structural theories of crime, emphasising the role of social interaction and power dynamics in defining and perpetuating deviance.