You are listening to cyber podcast episode 19 – AI Imagine you live in such a smart house:

A-Please Jazz

B-playing jazz

A-Smoothie

B-making smoothie

A-Calendar

B-no meetings today. Remember dentist at 9:30

A-fire off

B- fire off

A-open door

B-door opened

C-and we’re gonna do one more.

A- Ok

A-opened door [with mouth full – fail tone]

B- wrong voice command

A-opened door [with mouth full]

B- wrong voice command

A-opened door [with mouth full]

B- repeat that A-opened door [with mouth full]

B- I didn’t understand that A-please open door [shouting] B- play on the floor

Let’s talk about artificial intelligence. When you think of AI, you might think of a surreal or science fiction kind of stuff we usually see in the movies. But AI is no longer sci-fi, it’s everywhere; we are using it even without realizing it’s there. From the algorithms on IG to predictive text, to automated chats, so on and so forth. It is becoming almost like electricity; impacting almost every area of our lives. But what is AI in the first place? Why is it receiving so much attention and funding? Is it really necessary for us? Isn’t it too good to be true? I’m Edith your host, and today together with my colleague, Zhubin, we are going to briefly address these questions about AI.

در مورد هوش مصنوعی داریم صحبت می کنیم. پدیده ای که تا همین چند وقت پیش فقط توی فیلمهای علمی تخیلی میدیدیم ولی الان انگار حکم برق رو برامون داره و چنان جزیی از زندگیمون شده که دیگه اصلا متوجهش هم نمیشیم. از الگوریتم اینستاگرام گرفته که پستهای مورد عالقه تون رو دسته بندی میکنه تا چت های اتوماتیک و غیره. میخوایم ببینیم هوش مصنوعی اصال چی هست و چرا در دنیای امروز اینقدر مورد توجه قرار گرفته. آیا اصال ضروریه یا ...؟

E: So, first things first, what is AI? Z: Thank you very much for inviting me to this interview. First of all I should apologize for my voice, you know I caught a terrible cold or maybe it’s an allergy but whateber it is my voice might sound not so clear. Thousands of apologies for that. E: Oh, sorry about that. No worries at all. Z: Well, back to your question. let me put it this way; have you heard the famous saying “need is the mother of invention?” E: Yeah, sure?! Z: Well, since we human beings are naturally lazy [sounding sarcastic – laughing], always looking for easier ways of doing things, we’ve felt the need for something that will do most of our tasks in our stead. From the simplest tasks like opening the door to the most complex ones like performing a surgery. We needed something that would do the thinking for us and would actually facilitate comfort in our lives. So, AI was invented to help us with this. E: [laughingly] I see! Z: But, all jokes aside, artificial intelligence means creating computerized systems that could solve problems and could think like humans do. A system that could replicate human-style decision making. E: Ok, so far so good. But how does it work? Z: The main approach; which is called machine learning, is the idea that a computer algorithm, can learn from data, recognize patterns and make decisions on its own. E: Hmm…this is amazing. Unlike the traditional computer use where we provide input and tell the computer what to do. Z: Exactly! Take all these mapping programs, for instance. They use the real time data and existing patterns to precisely predict how long your journey from point A to B will take.

در این قسمت یه اصطلاح داشتیم که دقیقا عین همون رو در فارسی هم داریم که میگیم نیاز مادر اختراع ست. معادل انگلیسی این اصطلاح میشه: need invention of mother the is .معمولا اصطلاحاتی که معادل دقیقی در زبان خودمون دارن بهتر توی ذهن میمونن. گفتیم که نیاز ما به چیزی که بجامون فکر کنه و تصمیم بگیره و از همه مهمتر توانایی حل مسئله داشته باشه باعث بوجود اومدن هوش مصنوعی شد. هوش مصنوعی آسایش یا همون comfort رو برای ما فراهم میکنه. فراهم کردن یا تسهیل کردین در انگلیسی میشه facilitate که کلمه facility هم از همون خانواده ست. خب، یه اصطالح دیگه هم در اینجا داریم که عینا فارسیش رو هم داریم. اگه این قسمت رو دوباره گوش بدین پیداش میکنین. درسته! aside jokes all , یعنی گذشته از شوخی. گفتیم AI در واقع قدرت تصمیم گیری و فکر کردن آدم رو کپی میکنه. کپی یا تکثیر کردن در انگلیسی میشه replicate .به جایی که استرس کلمه قرار میگیره دقت کنید replicate .در بعضی موارد انقدر دقیق یعنی precisely این کار رو انجام میده که خیلی از کارها رو facilitate یا تسهیل میکنه.

E: right. Now, when was AI first introduced? Z: In the 1950s by Marvin Minsky and John McCarthy who were called the fathers of the field. E: Hm…over 70 years now. Z: Yes, but it is in the last decade that it’s really taken off. We can see it being used in almost every sector. Home appliances, self-driving cars, in sports, the police force, health care, smart homes, face recognition software, you name it!

در این قسمت مشخص شد که هوش مصنوعی اولین بار در دهه 1950 میالدی معرفی شد. دقت کنین که وقتی میخوایم به دهه اشاره کنیم، مثال دهه 50 میگیم 50s the . یعنی وقتی از the و s در آخر عدد استفاده میکنیم، در واقع به دهه اشاره می کنیم. همچنین از مزایا یا کاربردهای AI صحبت کردیم. مثل ماشین های بدون راننده یا cars driving-self نرم افزارهای تشخیص چهره یا software recognition face و هر چیزی که فکرشو بکنید. دقت کردین اگه در انگلیسی بخواین بگین هر چیزی که فکرشو بکنین چی میگیم؟ میگیم

it name you ! E: Yeah, right. But among all the things you mentioned, there’s a common feature and that is, they each handle one single task. I mean, it still has a long way to compete with human intelligence or even animal intelligence where different types of data are being processed and multiple tasks are being handled at the same time. Z: You’re absolutely right. This is actually called artificial narrow intelligence. And this is the first stage of AI, where we are now. E: I see….it even has a name. but do you think we will ever get to have artificial general intelligence; I mean like that of a human? A: Definitely so. In fact, the first step towards developing AGI has already been taken where this one single robot can process 600 tasks all at once. All that remains is to develop this first step and the AGI will rival human intelligence. E: Although it is kind of hard to believe, the development has already begun, as you said. Z: Well, if you had been told about narrow AI, say 100 years ago, it would still have been unbelievable. So, the same goes for AGI now! E: [laughingly] you’re right. Z: Nevertheless, I believe we need more breakthroughs. Only one single step cannot guarantee much rivalry yet, given the complexity of the human brain and intelligence.

خب، نگرانی که اینجا پیش میاد اینه که هوش مصنوعی ممکنه رقیب هوش انسان بشه. رقیب در انگلیسی میشه rival به تلفظش دقت کنین rival .ولی خب یه سری ها هم فکر میکنن هنوز به اون مرحله نرسیدیم و نیاز به یک breakthrough یا پیشرفت غیرمنتظره هست که بتونه به پیچیدگی یا complexity هوش انسان برسه. پیچیدگی میشه complexity .

E: You bet! I totally agree with you. Now, the idea that we might one day have machines that think and act like us, human beings, raises a lot of ethical and philosophical concerns. Whether or not we would benefit from it or we would enter a new era of rivalry, challenges and perhaps wars. Z: I second that. You see, the technology we use now is already throwing up all sorts of issues. From privacy to all sorts of scams and frauds.

اگه منطقی به قضیه نگاه کنیم خود ایده هوش مصنوعی نگرانی های اخلاقی یا ethical و فلسفی یا philosophical ایجاد میکنه. سوالی که پیش میاد اینه که آیا هوش مصنوعی به نفعمونه یا باعث چالش ها و رقابت های جدید میشه؟ رقابت در انگلیسی میشه rivalry .قبال به کلمه رقیب یا همون rival اشاره کردیم که هم فعل و هم اسم فاعل هست و rivalry هم اسم هست. یکی دیگه از چالشهای هوش مصنوعی مشکلاتی مثل اسکم و انواع کاله برداری یا fraud هست که کم هم اتفاق نمی افته.

E: Oh, the technology is already being used against humans. Like all these AI-driven drones used in wars. Z: Not only in wars. Some countries are using technology like face recognition in mass scales to monitor people and their behavior. And this raises the question of civil liberty and the right as simple as privacy. E: Wow…it’s like we always tend to abuse some blessings against ourselves. [laughingly] Z: Well, yeah. But not only that. Sometimes technology failures can cause irreversible damages on human lives. Like the two Boing 737 Max planes which had AI driven auto pilots and crashed in Indonesia and Ethiopia. That was a disaster, a human tragedy. Over 350 people died. E: I also heard somewhere, there’s this self-driving car crash case in the US, I think it was in California. This might cause a lot of casualties. I also heard another, less serious and sort of funny story. You see, during a football match, the AI driven camera kept mistaking the referee’s bald head running here and there for the ball and messed up the final result. [laughter] Z: [laughter] that’s so funny, indeed. Apart from the technology fails, as you said it earlier too, the main question is not the technology itself, but how we use or abuse it! I mean how we coded it in the first place, in what cases and according to which regulations we are allowed to make use of it. Like in the case of lethal war weapons which are autonomous, they can make life or death decisions about who or what to target. E: Wow…it’s incredibly scary. And always makes me fear the day when a manmade machine rises and outsmarts against him. Absolutely terrifying! I don’t know about you, but I kind of feel like believing it’s never going to happen. [laughingly] Z: Right. This is why not only autonomous weapons but all other AI driven areas need to be regulated and operated according to strict rules. E: Exactly! The technology on its own is but a blessing, it’s how we use it that can impose risks and hazards.

وقتی به چالشهای احتمالی هوش مصنوعی فکر می کنیم بعضی موارد واقعا ترسناک میشه. مثل پهپادهایی که با هوش مصنوعی کار میکنن یا driven-AI هستند. همینطور تکنولوژیهای دیگه مثل تشخیص چهره وقتی که در مقیاس بزرگ از